基于微生物视角的“皮-肠”轴与特应性皮炎

Skin-gut axis and atopic dermatitis from the microbial perspective

摘要:

特应性皮炎(atopic dermatitis，AD)是一种难治易复发皮肤病，由于病因复杂且患病率逐年增加，该病已经成为公共卫生领域关注的问题。随着高通量测序、元基因组学和代谢组学等技术的应用，发现AD的发生与发展与微生物群落息息相关，“微生物-皮-肠”轴及它们之间的串扰机制也逐渐被验证。“微生物-皮-肠”轴在过敏性皮肤炎症中扮演了重要角色。本文综述了“微生物-皮-肠”轴与AD的关系，及其可能交流的信号分子和潜在途径，重点关注了涉及益生菌、菌群移植和抗菌肽等微生物缓解AD的潜在机制，为靶向微生物群治疗过敏性皮肤炎症提供了一个新的视角。

关键词:特应性皮炎;微生物;“微生物-皮-肠”轴;炎症

Abstract:

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an intractable and relapsing skin disease that has become a concern in the public health field due to its complex etiology and increasing prevalence year by year. With the application of high-throughput sequencing, metagenomics, metabolomics, and other technologies, it has been found that the occurrence and development of AD are closely related to the microbial community, and the “microbiota-skin-gut” axis and the crosstalk mechanisms between them have also been gradually verified. The “microbiota-skin-gut” axis has played an important role in allergic skin inflammation. This article reviews the relationship between the “microbiota-skin-gut” axis and AD, and the signaling molecules and potential pathways it may communicate with. Significant attention has been paid to the potential mechanisms involved in AD alleviation by microorganisms such as probiotics, flora transplantation, antimicrobial peptides, and so on, providing a new perspective for targeting microbiota to treat allergic skin inflammation.

Key words:atopic dermatitis;microbiota;“microbiota-skin-gut” axis;inflammation