微生物高通量快速检测技术研究进展

Research progress on high-throughput rapid detection technology of microorganism

摘要:

微生物在大自然中广泛存在，特别是食源性致病菌是引发食源性疾病的主要因素，传统的检测技术已难以适应疾病预防控制和基层监管执法的需求，因此更加快速灵敏的高通量检测技术成为研究的热点。在对微生物快速准确识别方面，主要包括双功能抗体、核酸适配体筛选和噬菌体鉴定等方法。在多目标检测方面，主要包括多重PCR、基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱和生物芯片等方法。本文对每种方法的原理、优缺点及应用研究现状进行了较为系统的介绍，以期为今后微生物高通量检测技术的快速发展提供参考。

Abstract:

Microorganism is ubiquitous in nature, especially foodborne pathogens that cause foodborne diseases. Traditional methods have been already difficult to fit the demands of disease prevention and supervision in the routine work of regulatory authority, so rapid and sensitive high-throughput detection technique has become a research hot spot. Based on the rapid and accurate recognition of microorganism, bi-functional antibodies, aptamers- and phage-based assays are introduced. In terms of multi-target detection, there are three methods that include multiplex PCR, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, and biochip. This paper systematically discussed the detection mechanism, advantages and disadvantages, and research progress of each method, hoping to provide theoretical guarantees and reference for the development of rapid high-throughput method for detecting microorganism in the future.