贝莱斯芽孢杆菌的分类、拮抗功能及其应用研究进展

Advances in taxonomy, antagonistic function and application of Bacillus velezensis

摘要:

芽孢杆菌(Bacillus spp.)作为生防细菌，已广泛应用于农作物、畜、禽、水产动物的病害防控，也是当今微生物生态防控的研究热点。贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)是芽孢杆菌属的一个新种，因其能够产生多种次级代谢产物，并且具有广谱抑菌活性和促生长作用，被广泛应用于动植物病害的生物防治。本文从贝莱斯芽孢杆菌的分类地位、鉴定方法、抑菌物质、拮抗功能基因、生防作用机制及其应用等方面进行了综述，对贝莱斯芽孢杆菌在工业、农业上的应用进行展望，并对存在的问题进行了探讨，以期为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌的深入研究和应用提供参考。

关键词:贝莱斯芽孢杆菌，鉴定，抑菌物质，抑菌活性，生物防治

Abstract:

Bacillus spp. are widely used as a biological agent in the management of diseases in crops, livestock, poultry and aquatic animals. Bacillus velezensis is a novel species of the genus Bacillus. This species produces various secondary metabolites, and shows a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities, and promotes plants and animal growth. Additionally, it is widely used in the biological control of animal and plant diseases. Here, we review the taxonomic status, methods of identification, antimicrobial substances and related gene clusters, antagonistic mechanism and application of B. velezensis. Industrial and agricultural applications of B. velezensis are elaborated and the existing problems are discussed, to provide a useful reference for the study and application of B. velezensis.

Key words:Bacillus velezensis, Identification, Antimicrobial substances, Antimicrobial activity, Biological control