层迭灵芝子实体的体外抗肿瘤及免疫活性

In vitro antitumor and immunological activity of Ganoderma lobatum

摘要:

【背景】层迭灵芝Ganoderma lobatum是灵芝属中的一个种，在民间有药用历史，但缺乏对其化学成分和药理活性的科学研究。【目的】以赤芝Ganoderma lingzhi子实体为参照，研究对比层迭灵芝子实体的抗肿瘤及免疫活性的强弱，探讨层迭灵芝的药用价值。【方法】采用化学分析及仪器分析的方法，比较2种灵芝子实体中三萜及多糖含量差异，并进行体外抗肿瘤及免疫活性研究。【结果】层迭灵芝和赤芝的子实体中三萜含量差异不大，分别为1.14%和1.21%，但2种灵芝中三萜化合物的种类差异较大。层迭灵芝子实体中的多糖含量较赤芝稍高，分别为3.60%和2.67%，2种子实体中多糖的重均分子量分布特征有所差别。2种灵芝醇提物对肿瘤细胞K562及SW620的增殖均具有一定的抑制活性，其中，层迭灵芝对SW620细胞具有较强的抑制活性，其IC50值达到了52.5 μg/mL。2种灵芝水提物可以促进RAW 264.7细胞释放NO，说明两者均具有一定的免疫活性。【结论】层迭灵芝具有较好的抗肿瘤及免疫活性，可以作为药用开发的原料来源。

关键词:层迭灵芝，赤芝，三萜，多糖，生物活性

Abstract:

[Background] Ganoderma lobatum is a species of Ganoderma spp., which and can be used as a medicinal herb in the folk. However, there is no scientific research on the chemical composition and pharmacological activity of Ganoderma lobatum. [Objective] To explore the medicinal value of Ganoderma lobatum, the antitumor and immunological activity of Ganoderma lobatum were studied, with the Ganoderma lingzhi as a reference. [Methods] Triterpenoids and polysaccharides in the two species of Ganoderma were analyzed by chemical and instrumental analysis, and their antitumor and immunological activity were studied. [Results] There were not significantly different in the contents of triterpenoids in Ganoderma lobatum and Ganoderma lingzhi, which were 1.14% and 1.21%, respectively. However, the kinds of triterpenoids in the two species of Ganoderma was distinctive. The content of polysaccharides in Ganoderma lobatum were slightly higher than that in Ganoderma lingzhi, which were 3.60% and 2.67%, respectively. Meanwhile, there was a difference in the molecular weight distribution of polysaccharides in the two fruiting bodies. Both of the ethanol extracts had inhibitory activity on K562 and SW620 cell. Among them, Ganoderma lobatum has a strong inhibitory activity on SW620 cells with IC50 of 52.5 μg/mL. Furthermore, both of them aqueous extracts could promote RAW 264.7 cells to release NO, which illustrated that both have certain immunological activity. [Conclusion] Ganoderma lobatum has good antitumor and immunological activity, which could be used as a source of raw material potential materials for medicinal development.

Key words:Ganoderma lobatum, Ganoderma lingzhi, Triterpenoid, Polysaccharide, Bioactivity