高效降解甲醛菌株的分离鉴定及其特性

Isolation and identification of bacterial strains efficient degrading formaldehyde and their degrading characteristics

摘要:

首先对新分离的、能高效降解甲醛的两菌株A1和A2在形态学特征、生理生化特性及16S rDNA序列分析等方面进行了系统研究; 随后通过测定在液体培养过程中甲醛浓度的变化, 确定新分离菌株A1、A2降解溶液中甲醛的性能; 最后利用菌株A1、A2分别进行生物填料塔的挂膜实验, 确定其对甲醛气体的净化性能。结果表明: 菌株A1属于假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas), 菌株A2为鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas); 当甲醛初始浓度<1 200 mg/L时,菌株A1、A2都能完全降解溶液中的甲醛, 当甲醛浓度增高至1 600 mg/L时, 菌株A1在48 h后的甲醛降解率为50%, 菌株A2在104 h后的甲醛降解率为74.3%; 菌株A1、A2对甲醛气体的净化效率均能达到99%以上, 菌株A1的甲醛生化去除量能达到26.4 mg/(L?h), 菌株A2的甲醛生化去除量可达20.6 mg/(L?h)。

Abstract:

In this paper, two newly isolated bacterial strain A1 and strain A2, which were capable of degrading formaldehyde in high efficiency, were identified based on the results of standard morphological identification, physiological and biochemical characters, 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Their capability of degrading formaldehyde was investigated by determination of the formaldehyde concentration change in culture. The biological packed tower hung membrane experiment was carried to determine the purification performance of the two bacterial to formaldehyde gas. The results showed that: these two bacterial strain A1 and strain A2 were identified as Pseudomonas and Sphingomonas, respectively; when formaldehyde initial concentration was below 1 200 mg/L, it could be degraded by bacteria strain A1and strain A2 completely; when original formaldehyde concentration was up to 1 600 mg/L, 50% of formaldehyde was consumed by strain A1 after 48 h, 74.3% of formaldehyde was consumed by strain A2 after 104 h; the removal efficiency of these two bacteria could be over 99%, the formaldehyde re-moval biochemical can amount to 26.4 mg/(L?h) of strain A1 and 20.6 mg/(L?h) of strain A2.