解磷微生物的研究历程与展望：基于CiteSpace的文献计量分析

Evolution and trends of research on phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms: a bibliometric analysis based on CiteSpace

摘要:

背景 解磷微生物在促进土壤磷循环，改善磷缺乏方面具有重要作用。目的 对解磷微生物相关文献的全面总结，可明确其研究的历史、热点与未来发展趋势，为后续研究提供理论支撑。方法 利用CiteSpace文献计量工具，对Web of Science (WOS)核心数据库中收录的关于解磷微生物的文献进行分析。结果 国际上对解磷微生物研究经历初步探索、稳定探索和快速发展3个阶段，初步探索阶段以研发解磷微生物的培养基、建立解磷微生物培养方法为主，稳定探索阶段以解磷微生物的筛选、分子生物学鉴定及解磷机制为研究热点，快速发展阶段研究重点由单一解磷功能解析向促生、重金属污染修复、增强植物抗逆性等多功能拓展，并稳步由实验室研究向微生物肥料产品田间应用方向推进。在该领域我国发文量数量最多，有效地推动了解磷微生物的发展，但在国际合作交流方面尚需加强。结论 未来研究应从土壤-微生物组-植物系统的整体视角出发，深入探讨三者之间的互作关系及其作用机制，并加强解磷微生物的生态适应性优化、解磷微生物合成菌群设计与应用方面的研究，为绿色农业的发展提供理论与技术支撑。

Abstract:

Background Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) are integral to the cycling of phosphorus and mitigation of phosphorus deficiency in soil.Objective To reveal the historical background, current research focuses, and research perspectives by a thorough review of the existing literature related to PSMs, thereby laying a theoretical foundation for future studies.Methods We employed CiteSpace to analyze the publications associated with PSMs from the Core Collection of Web of Science (WOS).Results The research on PSMs has undergone three stages of preliminary exploration, stable exploration, and rapid development. During the stage of preliminary exploration, primary efforts were directed toward the development of specialized culture media and the establishment of standardized culture protocols for PSMs. In the stage of stable exploration, research priorities shifted to the screening of PSMs, molecular identification, and mechanism deciphering of phosphate solubilizing. During the stage of rapid development, the research focuses shifted from the single phosphate solubilizing function to multiple functions including promoting plant growth, remediating heavy metal pollution, and enhancing plant stress resistance. Furthermore, the focus has steadily progressed from laboratory research towards the field application of microbial fertilizer products. China had the largest proportion of publications in this field, which significantly improved our understanding of PSMs. However, the cooperation with other countries should be further strengthened.Conclusion Future research should adopt a holistic perspective encompassing the soil-microbiome-plant system, delving deeply into the interactions and interaction mechanisms among these three components. Additionally, emphasis should be placed on enhancing the ecological adaptability of PSMs, as well as designing and applying synthetic microbial communities specialized in phosphate solubilizing. This will provide theoretical and technical support for the advancement of green agriculture.