Abstract:[Background] The germplasm resources of cultivated Pleurotus pulmonarius in China are scarce. [Objective] To enrich the resource bank of P. pulmonarius through enhancing field resource collection or importing genetic materials from overseas countries. [Methods] A wild strain with white mycelia was isolated from the fruiting bodies of Pleurotus collected in the National Park of Mongolia, and it was identified based on morphological characteristics and ITS sequence information. The effects of different temperatures, pH, and carbon and nitrogen sources on mycelial growth of this strain were studied through single factor tests. Orthogonal tests were conducted on three optimal levels of four single factors. Two formulas were used in domestication of the strain. [Results] This strain was identified as P. pulmonarius. The results of single factor tests showed that the strain demonstrated the best growth status at 25 ℃, pH 8.0, carbon source of soluble starch, and nitrogen source of yeast extract powder. The results of orthogonal tests indicated the optimal growth condition combination consisted of soluble starch as the carbon source, beef extract as the nitrogen source, pH 8.0, and 25 ℃. Among the four factors, carbon source exerted the most significant effect on mycelial growth. The appropriate cultivation formula was composed of 35% lotus seed hulls, 35% fine sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 7% corn flour, 1.5% gypsum, 1.5% quicklime, and moisture content of 55%-60%. When being cultivated at 25 ℃ in the dark, the strain needed 34-35 d to fill the bag with mycelia, with the mycelial growth rate reaching 3.43-3.53 mm/d. Primordia differentiated around 10 d at 7-15 ℃, and fruiting bodies matured after approximately 7 d at 17-25 ℃ and relative air humidity of 75%-85%. [Conclusion] The biological characteristics of the white P. pulmonarius strain are different from those of the existing cultivated strains, showcasing a high development and utilization value.
