海参蒸煮液对蛹虫草子实体及生物活性成分产量的影响

Effects of sea cucumber cooking liquid on the yields of fruiting bodies and bioactive components of Cordyceps militaris

摘要:

背景 海参蒸煮液(sea cucumber cooking liquid, SCCL)是海参加工企业的难处理性废弃物。目的 以5株蛹虫草(Cordyceps militaris)菌株为材料，探讨SCCL在蛹虫草栽培中的新用途。方法 在培养基中添加不同比例的SCCL，分析其对蛹虫草农艺性状(包括生物转化率，虫草素和腺苷含量)的影响，并以SCCL中NaCl浓度相似的NaCl溶液为对照，分析其对蛹虫草农艺性状的影响及机制。结果 高浓度SCCL溶液和NaCl溶液对蛹虫草生长有抑制作用，表现为5株蛹虫草菌株在0.3% NaCl处理时，生物转化率显著降低。但不同菌株对SCCL的耐受性有显著性差异，其中，菌株NYC06耐受性较强，60% SCCL溶液与对照组相比生物转化率无显著性变化。SCCL溶液和NaCl溶液均能促进蛹虫草虫草素的合成，并且相同菌株的虫草素含量变化趋势相似。其中，菌株NYC06经2种溶液处理后，子实体和菌胚中的虫草素含量增长幅度在5株蛹虫草菌株中居于最高水平。2种溶液对蛹虫草腺苷含量也有不同程度的影响，表现为SCCL溶液对不同菌株的腺苷含量既有提高也有降低，而NaCl溶液可提高蛹虫草腺苷含量，与添加SCCL变化趋势有所差异。结论 NaCl是SCCL影响蛹虫草产量和虫草素含量的因素之一。研究结果将为后续SCCL应用于虫草产业化及不同需求的蛹虫草生产应用奠定良好的基础。

Abstract:

Background Sea cucumber cooking liquid (SCCL) represents a waste product difficult to be treated in the sea cucumber processing industry.Objective To investigate the potential application of SCCL in the cultivation of Cordyceps militaris by utilizing five different strains of this fungus.Methods We added different proportions of SCCL to the culture medium to analyze the effects of SCCL on the agronomic traits (including bioconversion rate and content of cordycepin and adenosine) of C. militaris. We then employed a NaCl solution with a concentration comparable to that of SCCL as the control to assess their effects on the agronomic traits of C. militaris and decipher the underlying mechanism.Results High- concentration SCCL and NaCl solutions exerted inhibitory effects on the growth of C. militaris, as evidenced by significant decreases in the bioconversion rates of the five strains under 0.3% NaCl treatment. However, notable differences in the tolerance of various strains to SCCL were observed, with NYC06 demonstrating strong tolerance, as indicated by the absence of a significant change in bioconversion rate compared with the control group when being exposed to a 60% SCCL solution. Both SCCL and NaCl solutions facilitated the synthesis of cordycepin in C. militaris, leading to a consistent variation trend in cordycepin content of the same strain. Notably, after treatment with both solutions, NYC06 showcased the highest increase in cordycepin content in the fruiting bodies and embryo among the five strains of C. militaris. The two solutions exhibited different impacts on the adenosine content of C. militaris. In particular, the SCCL solution demonstrated varied effects on adenosine content among different strains, whereas the NaCl solution had the potential to augment the adenosine level in C. militaris. This trend differed from the changes observed in the case of SCCL treatment.Conclusion We conclude that NaCl in SCCL is one of the factors influencing the fruiting body yield and cordycepin content of C. militaris. The findings lay a solid foundation for the subsequent industrial application of SCCL in C. militaris production to meet diverse demands.