微生物降解二甲酰亚胺类杀菌剂研究进展

Research progress in microbial degradation of dicarboximide fungicides

摘要:

二甲酰亚胺类杀菌剂具有高效、广谱等特性，对多种果蔬的真菌性病害具有较好的防治效果，但该类杀菌剂半衰期较长且具有内分泌干扰活性，其残留给生态系统和食品安全带来严重危害。利用微生物及其酶降解农产品和环境中的农药残留是有效方法之一。本文概述了二甲酰亚胺类杀菌剂的基本性质和危害，以及农产品中的残留现状，综述了微生物降解二甲酰亚胺类杀菌剂的研究进展，重点阐述了降解微生物种类及其降解途径。最后，对利用酶及基因工程技术修复二甲酰亚胺类杀菌剂研究方向进行了展望，以期为二甲酰亚胺类杀菌剂的污染防控提供研究思路。

Abstract:

Dicarboximide fungicides with high efficacy and a broad antifungal spectrum have strong control effects on a variety of fungal diseases attacking fruits and vegetables. However, they have long half-lives and the effects of endocrine disruptors, with the residues bringing serious harm to ecosystems and food safety. Degrading fungicide residues in agricultural products and the environment by microorganisms and their enzymes is an effective method. This paper summarizes the basic properties, hazards, and residue status in agricultural products of dicarboximide fungicides. Furthermore, this paper reviews the research progress in microbial degradation of dicarboximide fungicides, with focuses on the microbial species and pathways of degradation. Finally, this paper prospects the research directions of the application of enzyme and genetic engineering to remove dicarboximide fungicides from food products, aiming to provide research ideas for the pollution prevention and control of dicarboximide fungicides.