石墨烯溶胶对番茄幼苗根系生长及根际土壤微生物群落的影响

Effects of graphene sol on the root growth of tomato seedlings and the rhizosphere soil microbiota

摘要:

石墨烯因其独特的物理和化学性质在农业领域展现出广阔的应用潜力。在家庭园艺中，幼苗移栽早期成活率低是常见难题，为了研究石墨烯对此是否具有改善作用，本研究以番茄幼苗为研究对象，通过检测石墨烯溶胶处理前后对番茄幼苗移栽早期根系的生长率及其培养土壤养分和微生物群落的变化，发现50 mg/L和100 mg/L的石墨烯溶胶对番茄根系生长具有促进作用，而更高浓度时则发挥抑制作用；不同浓度的石墨烯溶胶处理均导致土壤有机质含量降低、碱解氮含量增加。宏基因组测序结果表明，50 mg/L和100 mg/L的石墨烯溶胶处理可提升土壤中促进腐殖质和有机物分解、参与土壤氮循环并提高重金属代谢的微生物丰度。综上，合适浓度的石墨烯溶胶可促进番茄幼苗移栽早期的根系生长并提高其培养土壤的氮含量和特定有益微生物群落的丰度。本研究为石墨烯溶胶在家庭园艺植物栽培中的合理应用提供了一定的理论参考。

Abstract:

Graphene exhibits broad application potential in agriculture due to its unique physical and chemical properties. In home gardening, low survival rates of seedlings during the early transplanting stage represent a common challenge, yet whether graphene can ameliorate this problem remains underexplored. This study analyzed the root growth rate, soil nutrients, and soil microbiota of tomato seedlings in response to graphene sol treatment. The results revealed that graphene sol at concentrations of 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L promoted root growth, while that at higher concentrations exhibited inhibitory effects. Furthermore, all tested concentrations of graphene sol led to a decrease in soil organic matter content and an increase in available nitrogen content. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L graphene sol treatments enhanced the abundance of soil microorganisms that promote humus and organic matter decomposition, participate in soil nitrogen cycling, and mediate heavy metal metabolism. In conclusion, appropriate concentrations of graphene sol can improve the root growth, increase the soil nitrogen availability, and enrich specific beneficial microorganisms of tomato seedlings during the early transplanting stage. These findings provide a theoretical reference for the rational application of graphene-based materials in home gardening.