DNA-蛋白质相互作用研究方法进展

Advances in the research methods for DNA-protein interactions

摘要:

DNA与蛋白质的相互作用是细胞生命活动的重要机制，是DNA复制和转录调控的基础，对细胞的生长发育和环境适应至关重要。这种相互作用本质上是通过蛋白质的DNA结合结构域特异性识别和结合DNA序列实现的。深入研究和理解这些相互作用不仅有助于揭示生物学机制，也对疾病研究、药物开发、工业菌种设计与改造等具有重要的指导意义。本文综述了传统的DNA-蛋白质相互作用研究方法和近年来发展的新方法，分析其技术原理、优势、局限性和应用案例，也进一步探讨了相关新技术可能的改进方向和潜在应用场景，希望能够帮助研究人员全面、快速地了解不同DNA-蛋白质相互作用研究方法的特点、挑战和未来的发展方向，并为相关方法的进一步创新、融合提供参考。

Abstract:

The interactions between DNA and proteins play a pivotal role in cellular processes, underpinning the basis for DNA replication and transcriptional regulation, which are essential for cell growth, development, and adaptation to environmental changes. These interactions primarily occur through the specific recognition and binding of DNA sequences by the DNA-binding domains of proteins. A comprehensive understanding of these interactions is not only critical for elucidating biological mechanisms but also holds significant implications for the research on diseases, drug discoveries, and engineering of industrial strains. This review highlights both traditional and recently developed methods for studying DNA-protein interactions, analyzing their principles, advantages, limitations, and application cases. Additionally, it discusses potential avenues for improvement and explores emerging application scenarios in this rapidly evolving field. Therefore, this review provides researchers with a quick and comprehensive understanding of the advantages, challenges, and future outlooks of various methods of DNA-protein interaction research as well as valuable insights for the further innovation and integration of relevant techniques.