黄酮芹糖苷类化合物及其生物合成研究进展

Research progress in flavonoid apiosides from plants and their biosynthetic pathways

摘要:

黄酮芹糖苷类化合物是含有芹糖基的黄酮糖苷，在自然界中分布广泛。根据苷元类型的不同，可以分为黄烷酮芹糖苷、查尔酮芹糖苷、黄酮芹糖苷、黄酮醇芹糖苷及异黄酮芹糖苷等。黄酮芹糖苷类化合物具有抗氧化、抗炎、促进骨骼生长等多种药理活性，具有较好的药用前景。然而，囿于植物中黄酮芹糖苷类化合物含量较低、化学合成步骤繁琐，黄酮芹糖苷类化合物的获取存在较大的困难，极大地限制了其进一步的成药性研究。黄酮芹糖苷类化合物生物合成途径酶的发现为应用生物合成的方式大量制备黄酮芹糖苷类化合物奠定了基础。本文对植物中发现的黄酮芹糖苷类化合物的结构多样性、药理活性及生物合成研究进行了系统评述，为黄酮芹糖苷类化合物的开发及应用提供了借鉴。

Abstract:

Flavonoid apiosides are flavonoid glycosides containing the apiosyl group, with wide distribution in nature. According to the different types of aglycones, flavonoid apiosides can be classified into flavanone apiosides, chalcone apiosides, flavone apiosides, flavonol apiosides, and isoflavone apiosides. Existing research results indicate that flavonoid apiosides exhibit various pharmacological activities such as antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and bone formation-promoting properties, displaying promising medicinal prospects. However, due to the low content of flavonoid apiosides in plants and the cumbersome chemical synthesis steps, there are considerable difficulties in obtaining flavonoid apiosides, which greatly limit the research on their druggability. The discovery of enzymes in the biosynthetic pathways of flavonoid apiosides lays a foundation for the large-scale preparation of flavonoid apiosides through biosynthesis. This article reviews the structural diversity, pharmacological activities, and biosynthesis studies of flavonoid apiosides identified in plants, intending to pave a way for the development and application of flavonoid apiosides.