干热河谷地区发展微藻生物技术产业的优势与前景

Advantages and prospects of developing microalgal industry in hot-dry valley regions of China

摘要:

微藻是一类可持续、绿色高效的生物质资源，微藻生物技术具有巨大发展潜力，被广泛应用于食品、能源、环境和健康等领域。为了提高微藻的单位面积产量和产业的生产效率，选择合适的生产设施建设地点尤为重要。我国西南干热河谷地区日照时间长、气温高、气候干旱、平地少、山地多并且交通不便，传统农业发展受到自然和人文条件限制，但是这种气候地理条件适宜发展微藻生物技术产业。本文从气候、地理环境和经济社会等方面论述了干热河谷地区发展微藻生物技术产业的优势，总结了微藻生物技术在生产类胡萝卜素、处理畜禽养殖废水和生产人类未来食品等领域的应用前景，期望未来能够在干热河谷地区加强对微藻生物技术的研发、推广和应用，从而推动我国微藻生物技术产业升级发展，为人类社会实现可持续发展目标作出贡献。

Abstract:

Microalgae represent a sustainable, green, and efficient biomass resource with enormous potential applications in food, energy, environment, and health industries. To increase the yield per unit area and the overall efficiency of production, selecting suitable locations for production facilities is critically important. The hot-dry valley regions of southwest China are characterized by long sunshine duration, high temperatures, a dry climate, scarce flat land, predominantly mountainous terrain, and poor transportation accessibility. These natural and socioeconomic constraints have severely limited the development of conventional agriculture. However, these same conditions confer unique and highly favorable advantages for the development of a microalgal industry. This review comprehensively analyzes the advantages of developing a microalgal industry in hot-dry valley regions from the perspectives of climate, geography, and socioeconomic conditions. It further elaborates on the promising prospects of microalgal biotechnology in key areas such as the production of carotenoids, the treatment of animal farming wastewater, and the manufacture of future human food products. The primary objective is to advocate research, promotion, and application of microalgal biotechnology in China’s hot-dry valley regions, thereby accelerating the upgrading and high-quality development of the national microalgal industry and contributing to sustainable development goals.