基于全细胞生物复合系统的光驱动化学合成研究进展

Research progress in light-driven chemical synthesis based on whole-cell bio-composite systems

摘要:

目前，在光驱动化学合成领域，如何实现高效、稳定的太阳能转化仍是亟待解决的关键问题。通过模拟自然光合作用，利用太阳能可持续制备高附加值化工产品与清洁燃料已成为研究热点。其中，全细胞光敏化生物复合系统因结合了半导体材料优异的光捕获能力与细胞内生物催化剂的高度特异性，展现出实现太阳能向化学能高效转化的巨大潜力，成为跨学科探索的前沿方向之一。该系统的持续深入研究有望推动生物-非生物界面的重要突破，并为多学科交叉融合提供新的契机。本文系统阐述了全细胞生物复合系统的核心构成，并重点总结了其在二氧化碳还原、固氮、产氢及其他化学转化领域的研究进展。本文对于理解生物-非生物界面的光生电荷转移机制、指导高效光驱生物催化系统的理性设计具有重要参考价值，并为推动太阳能向化学能转化的实际应用提供了新思路。

Abstract:

At present, in the field of light-driven chemical synthesis, how to achieve efficient and stable solar energy conversion remains a key challenge that needs to be urgently addressed. By mimicking natural photosynthesis, the sustainable production of high-value chemical products and clean fuels using solar energy has become a research hotspot. The whole-cell photosensitive bio-composite system, which combines the excellent light capture ability of semiconductor materials with the high specificity of intracellular biological catalysts, has shown great potential for the efficient conversion of solar energy into chemical energy and has become one of the frontier directions of interdisciplinary exploration. The continuous in-depth research on this system is expected to promote important breakthroughs in the bio-non-bio interface and provide new opportunities for the integration of multiple disciplines. This article systematically expounds the core composition of the whole-cell bio-composite system and focuses on its research progress in the fields of carbon dioxide reduction, nitrogen fixation, hydrogen production, and other chemical conversions.This review provides valuable insights into understanding the photoinduced charge transfer mechanism at the bio-abiotic interface and guiding the rational design of efficient light-driven biocatalytic systems, while also offering new perspectives for advancing the practical application of solar-to-chemical energy conversion.