电遗传系统的工程设计及应用进展

Progress in engineering design and application of electrogenetic systems

摘要:

电遗传学是一种利用电子装置和遗传学方法相结合来控制基因表达及相关细胞功能的技术，涵盖了合成生物学、遗传学和电化学等多个领域，受到了国内外学术界的广泛关注，在种群交流行为、细胞生理代谢调控、数字信息存储和疾病治疗等领域具有巨大的应用前景和潜力。本文首先概括了电遗传系统的组成部分、优势特点和发展进程，重点介绍了电遗传系统的关键响应调控元件，如响应代谢物的转录因子、响应氧化应激信号的转录因子、哺乳动物核因子等。随后，详细描述和探讨了基于这些调控元件所构建的电遗传调控系统及其应用。最后，对电遗传技术在合成生物领域的发展进行了总结和展望，指出了电遗传学现阶段的不足之处，并提出了未来研究的方向和可能的发展趋势，旨在为相关研究人员提供参考和思路，推动电遗传学研究在合成生物学领域的发展和进步。

Abstract:

Electrogenetics is a new field of synthetic biology, combining electronic devices and

genetic methods to control gene expression and related cell functions. It covers a variety of fields such as synthetic biology, genetics, and electrochemistry and has been widely concerned by scientific research and academic circles at home and abroad, demonstrating great application prospects and potential in cell-cell communication, cell physiology and metabolism regulation, digital information storage, and disease treatment. In this paper, we summarized the components, advantages, and development process of electrogenetic systems and introduced the key response regulatory elements (such as metabolite transcription factors, oxidative stress transcription factors, and mammalian nuclear factors) of these systems. Then, we described electrogenetic regulatory systems based on these regulatory elements and discussed their applications in detail. Finally, we summed up the development and looked into the prospects of electrogenetic technology in synthetic biology. In the meanwhile, our paper pointed out the deficiencies of electrogenetics at present and proposed its future research directions and possible development trends, aiming at providing references and ideas for relevant researchers to promote the progress of electrogenetics research in synthetic biology.