副流感病毒5型反向遗传学技术及其应用进展

Current progress in reverse genetics technology of parainfluenza virus type 5 and its applications

摘要:

副流感病毒5型(parainfluenza virus type 5, PIV5)是一种单股负链RNA病毒，属副粘病毒科(Paramyxoviridae)正腮腺炎病毒属(Rubulavirus)。该病毒具有广泛的宿主范围，能够感染蜱虫、马、犬、猪、仓鼠、豚鼠、牛和大熊猫等多种动物，对人的致病力极低，具有良好的安全性，是备受关注的新型疫苗载体。本文综述了PIV5的病原学特征，总结了PIV5及其他常见副粘病毒的反向遗传学技术进展，并分析了PIV5作为疫苗载体的应用优势及挑战，为基于PIV5的新型载体疫苗研发提供了参考。

Abstract:

Parainfluenza virus type 5 (PIV5) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the genus Rubulavirus of the family Paramyxoviridae. The virus has a broad host range and can infect various animals, including ticks, horses, dogs, pigs, hamsters, guinea pigs, cattle, and giant pandas. With extremely low pathogenicity in humans and a favorable safety profile, PIV5 has garnered significant attention as a promising novel vaccine vector platform. This article outlines the pathogenic biological characteristics of PIV5, summarizes the advances in reverse genetics technologies for PIV5 and other common paramyxoviruses, and analyzes the advantages and challenges of PIV5 as a vaccine vector. The aim is to provide insights for the development of novel PIV5-based vector vaccines.