Research progress in the influencing factors of the gut microbiota in giant pandas

Abstract:

Giant pandas, despite having the digestive systems of carnivores, have evolved to thrive on a bamboo-based vegetarian diet, which results in a unique gut microbiota. With the advancement of science and technology, our understanding of the gut microbiota of giant pandas has evolved from simple strain isolation to exploring the intricate relationship between the microbiota and metabolic functions of the hosts as well as predicting the functions of the microbiota. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of the bacterial and fungal communities in giant pandas, examining the effects of the factors such as age, diet, habitat, and health conditions on gut microbiota. Furthermore, we discuss how these factors influence the metabolism of the gut microbiota. This review is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the future research on the intricate structure and functions of gut microbiota in giant pandas. The knowledge can pave the way for innovating the measures to enhance and stabilize the gut microecological environment, ultimately contributing to the conservation of giant pandas.