Abstract:[Objective] To study the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics, community structure, and diversity of uncultured myxobacteria in the rhizosphere soil of Phragmites australis in the Ebinur Lake wetland, so as to enrich the knowledge of myxobacteria resources in saline-alkaline wetlands, lay a foundation for exploiting the myxobacteria resources in extreme environments, and provide data support for the restoration of saline desert ecosystems. [Methods] The rhizosphere soil samples of P. australis were collected from 10 sites in Ebinur Lake wetland in 3 months, and high-throughput sequencing was conducted for the V4–V5 region of the 16S rRNA gene to reveal the diversity and spatial and temporal distribution of myxobacteria. [Results] The abundance of myxobacteria, as indicated by the presence of 16S rRNA gene tags, ranged from 0.22% to 3.54% of the total bacteria in the Ebinur Lake wetland. The highest diversity was observed in July and at the sampling site 4, suggesting the correlations of genus diversity with both seasons and sample sites. A total of 14 genera of myxobacteria belonging to 8 families of 3 suborders were identified. Among them, Haliangium was the dominant genus, with the relative abundance of 10.83%–71.01%. Network co-occurrence diagrams showed that most of the bacteria interacted with myxobacteria. Spearman correlation analyses showed that the Shannon, Chao1, and ACE indices of bacteria influenced the diversity and richness of myxobacteria. The redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that soil inorganic nitrogen (IN), organic matter (OM), and water-soluble magnesium ions (Mg2+) were the main abiotic factors influencing the diversity and community structure of myxobacteria. [Conclusion] The Ebinur Lake wetland is rich in myxobacteria, the diversity and community structure of which present spatial and temporal variations. Biotic factors (bacteria) and abiotic factors (soil physico-chemical properties) jointly affect the diversity of myxobacteria.
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