Anti-tumor mechanism of Newcastle disease virus: a review

Abstract:

Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy is an important anticancer means. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) displays effective oncolytic activity in many tumor types, which kills tumor cells in a selective way without being toxic to normal cells. In this paper, we reviewed the anti-tumor mechanisms of NDV from the aspects of inducing apoptosis and autophagy of tumor cells, inhibiting cell metabolism, stimulating immune response, and triggering ribosomal stress response in tumor cells, particularly the specific mechanism of inducing ribosomal stress response to regulate the translation system of tumor cells and trigger cell apoptosis. This review is expected to lay a solid theoretical foundation for in-depth research on the anti-tumor effect of NDV and targeted therapy of cancer in the future.