Community structure and biological function of the root symbiotic fungi of wild Cymbidium ensifolium

Abstract:

[Objective] To explore the community structure and biological function of Cymbidium ensifolium root symbiosis fungi.[Methods] Using high-throughput sequencing and FunGulid database, fungal species diversity and function of wild C. ensifolium rhizosphere soil (Rs), rhizoplane (Rp), and endoplane (Ep) at 4 samples in Hunan (HN), Fujian (FJ), Guizhou (GZ) and Yunnan (YN) Province were identified and predicted. [Results] The root symbiotic fungi of C. ensifolium are distributed in 12 phyla, 44 classes, 103 orders, 241 families and 432 genera. The main dominant phyla are Basidiomycota (49.51%), Ascomycota (27.39%) and Mortierellomycota (20.22%). At the genus level, Mortierella (11.75%), Saitozyma (11.45%) and Papiliotrema (7.93%) are the dominant genera. The nutrient types of symbiosis fungi in different C. ensifolium samples are quite different, but the structure of fungal nutrient types of each sample had a high similarity between the Rs and Rp; and the saprophytes was the absolute dominant type (50.11%-85.98%) in the Ep. However, FJ sample were special because of saprophytic trophic type dominated in the three ecological niches (85.98%-94.76%). The Rs and Rp fungi around the GZ sample were mainly of Pathotroph-Saprotroph-Symbiotroph and Symbiotroph type. The Rs and Rp of YN sample point were dominated by Saprotroph, Pathotroph-Saprotroph-Symbiotroph and Symbiotroph fungi. The Rs and Rp fungi of HN sample were also mainly composed of Saprotroph and Pathotroph-Saprotroph-Symbiotroph type. [Conclusion] The C. ensifolium root symbiosis fungi exhibit high diversity, and the community structure of the symbiosis fungi between each sample and each ecological niche point has extremely significant difference. The potential beneficial fungi of C. ensifolium root symbiotic fungi include Mortierella, Russula, Saitozyma, Papiliotrema, Cladophialophora, etc. This study provides a theoretical basis for revealing the symbiosis of C. ensifolium roots and fungi, as well as for the development and utilization of C. ensifolium symbiosis fungi.