Host immune response induced by avian Tembusu virus infection

Abstract:

Avian Tembusu virus (ATMUV) is a highly pathogenic virus infecting variety kinds of laying birds, resulting in appetite decreases and significant reduction in egg production. At the last stage, the affected animals may have neurological symptoms, such as muscle paralysis and dystaxia. In recent years, ATMUV spreads quickly in many provinces in China and has caused huge economic loss in poultry industry all over the world. Host innate immunity is the first line to defend against the infection of pathogens at early stages. Innate immune response is the nature ability of the organism to fight against the pathogenic microorganisms. On the other hand, adaptive immunity is the process by which the immune system produces specific antibodies by B cells and cellular immune response by T cells. Adaptive immunity is the key components of host immune system that contribute to the resistance to pathogens and are the basis of immunization. In this review, we will discuss host immune response to ATMUV infection and highlight the mechanisms by which ATMUV induces the host innate and adaptive immunity.