The gut and hemolymph microbiotas of crustacean,composition,functions and homeostatic regulation

Abstract:

Two microbiotas were identified in shrimp and other crustaceans, gut and hemolymph microbiaotas. The microbe species and number of gut microbiota are much more than that in hemolymph microbiota. They all contain probiotic and pathogenic bacteria in the two microbiotas. The gut and hemolymph microbiaotas have important functions in host metabolism, nutrition and organic development and immune responses. Different regulation mechanisms were identified in shrimp for homeostasis of gut and hemolymph microbiaotas. The reactive oxygen species produced by dual oxidases is mainly involved in homeostatic regulation of gut microbiota; and antimicrobial peptides regulated by a C-type lectin and prophenoloxidase activating system are related to homeostatic regulation of hemolymph microbiota. The studies of composition, functions and homeostatic regulation of microbiotas in shrimp are beneficial for healthy aquaculture of shrimp and other economic crustaceans.