Advances in bacterial Mn(II) oxidation by animal haem peroxidases

Abstract:

Manganese oxides are highly reactive minerals and play an important role in elemental biogeochemical cycles in the natural environment. Bacteria can oxidize Mn(Ⅱ) to Mn(Ⅲ) and Mn(IV). More and more bacteria have been isolated from different environments. Furthermore, bacteria are key drivers of the global Mn cycle. Bacterial Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation is an enzymatic process. Enzymes responsible for bacterial Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation are multicopper oxidases and animal haem peroxidases (AHPs), but the latter is different from the former. In this mini-review, we focus on the advances in bacterial Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation by AHPs, manganese oxidizing bacteria, structure and characterization of AHPs, the genes of AHPs, and the process of oxidation. Challenges and future research needs are also discussed.