Abstract:[Objective] To reveal the relationship between Deuteromycetes community and the environmental in Kiaochow Bay of the Yellow Sea. [Methods] Using recorded pollution survey, we used molecular methods to study seasonal and spatial variation of Deuteromycetes community diversity in different polluted waters of Kiaochow Bay of the Yellow Sea, China. [Results] Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis fingerprints varied obviously among different sites of similar level of pollution. Moreover, sequence analysis of recovered dominant bands exhibited the existence of plenty of uncultivable fungi, among which Penicillium was the dominant genus. Furthermore, in heavily polluted estuary, there were abundant animal pathogens such as amoeba and Pythium as well as Deuteromycetes. These discoveries demonstrate that the Deuteromycetes community structure is closely related to marine environment, and are indicative of different level of marine contamination. [Conclusion] The relationship between Deuteromycetes community and different level of pollution and seasons varied were closely related.