Origin and evolution of Canine parvovirus—A review

Abstract:

Abstract:Canine parvovirus(CPV-2) ，first recognized in 1978 as a new pathogen of dogs，was probably derived from a very closely related virus in cats，feline panleukopaenia virus ( FPLV) or a closely related carnivore parvovirus ( FPLVlike virus) ． CPV-2 is responsible for either myocarditis or fatal gastroenteritis in pups with high morbidity and mortality．Shortly after its emergence，CPV-2 has become endemic in the global dog population． The original CPV-2 continued to evolve，and was subsequently replaced by three different but closely related antigenic variants，designated CPV-2a，CPV- 2b and CPV-2c，which now coexist in dog populations worldwide． The genetic and antigenic variation in CPV-2 also correlated with changes in the host range and tissue tropisms of the virus． Here，we reviewed variation and evolution of CPV-2 in past 30 years and discussed CPV-2 as an important model to study virus evolution．