Advances in the molecular mechanisms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in regulating antigen presentation in dendritic cells

Abstract:

Tuberculosis is an ancient zoonotic disease that poses a serious threat to the health of humans and animals worldwide. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the primary causative agent of tuberculosis. As a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in controlling Mtb infection by utilizing their potent antigen-presenting capacity to activate the adaptive immune response of the host and thus resist further infection. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that Mtb can evade host immune defenses by regulating DC differentiation and maturation, interfering with phagocytosis and autophagy, and inhibiting the expression of antigen presentation-related molecules, thus causing persistent infection. This review summarizes the current research on the molecular mechanisms of Mtb in regulating DC antigen presentation, aiming to provide insights for further study of Mtb-DC interaction mechanism and development of prevention and control strategies for tuberculosis.