Research advances in vertically transmitted endophytes in plants

Abstract:

Due to the unique spatial and functional relationship with the host, plant endophytes are known as the second genome of plants and have become a research hotspot of plant sciences and microbiology. According to the origins, plant endophytes can be classified into horizontally transmitted endophytes (HTE) and vertically transmitted endophytes (VTE). Among them, VTEs have the potential to be further transmitted into later-generation plants through propagules (both sexual and asexual propagules) to produce host effects. The behaviors and functions of VTE along host generations are likely to be an acquired “heritable” trait of the host that can be applied in agricultural practices for plant trait improvement. Therefore, in-depth understanding and research on plant VTEs are of great theoretical and practical importance. We reviewed the research advances in the diversity, transmission, and physiological and ecological functions of plant VTEs and provide perspectives for future research and application of VTE resources.