发酵黏液乳杆菌H3260通过调节肠道微生物群来缓解高尿酸血症

Limosilactobacillus fermentum H3260 alleviates hyperuricemia by regulating the gut microbiota

摘要:

目的 探究从人体粪便中分离得到的一株发酵黏液乳杆菌H3260的体外降尿酸性能及其生理生化特性，并进一步评估该菌株对高尿酸血症小鼠模型血清尿酸水平及肠道菌群的影响，旨在为开发预防和治疗高尿酸血症的功能性食品提供科学依据。方法 采用高效液相色谱法和尿酸生成法体外测定乳杆菌对尿酸、嘌呤、核苷的降解能力及其对黄嘌呤氧化酶的抑制能力。通过药敏性试验和体外耐受性试验，评估菌株的益生菌特性。通过体内实验验证发酵黏液乳杆菌H3260的降尿酸作用。结果 筛选出一株发酵黏液乳杆菌H3260，其对尿酸、腺嘌呤和核苷的降解率分别为(86.84±0.03)%、(60.84±2.21)%和(100.00±0.00)%，对黄嘌呤氧化酶的抑制率为22.48%。该菌株对红霉素、头孢曲松、青霉素G、氯霉素等7种常见抗生素敏感，在0.3%的胆盐环境下处理2.5 h后，菌株数量仍然能维持在1.00×10⁶ CFU/mL以上。动物实验结果表明，该菌株能显著降低高尿酸血症小鼠的尿酸、肌酐和尿素氮水平，并通过调节肠道菌群来缓解高尿酸血症。结论 本研究通过高效液相色谱法及体外黄嘌呤氧化酶测定法筛选出具有高效降解尿酸的发酵黏液乳杆菌H3260，该菌株在体外展现出良好的生理生化特性，并在体内实验中显著改善高尿酸血症相关指标及调节肠道菌群，展现出作为预防和治疗高尿酸血症优势菌种的潜力。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the in vitro uric acid degradation performance and physiological and biochemical characteristics of Limosilactobacillus fermentum H3260 isolated from human feces and examine the effects of this strain on the serum uric acid level and gut microbiota in the mouse model of hyperuricemia, providing scientific evidence for the development of functional food for the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia.Methods HPLC and the uric acid production assay were employed to determine the abilities of the target strain to degrade uric acid, adenosine, and nucleosides and to inhibit xanthine oxidase. The probiotic characteristics of the strain were evaluated by antimicrobial sensitivity tests and in vitro tolerance tests. The uric acid-lowering effect of L. fermentum H3260 was verified by in vivo experiments.Results L. fermentum H3260 was screened out. The strain exhibited degradation rates of (86.84±0.03)% for uric acid, (60.84±2.21)% for adenine, and (100.00±0.00)% for nucleosides, along with an inhibition rate of 22.48% for xanthine oxidase. The strain was sensitive to seven common antibiotics, including erythromycin, ceftriaxone, penicillin G, and chloramphenicol. After treatment in 0.3% bile salt for 2.5 h, the bacterial count remained above 1.00×10⁶ CFU/mL. Animal experiments showed that the strain significantly reduced uric acid, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen in hyperuricemic mice and regulate the gut microbiota to alleviate hyperuricemia.Conclusion We successfully screened out a strain L. fermentum H3260 capable of efficiently degrading uric acid, adenosine, and nucleosides. The strain exhibited good physiological and biochemical characteristics in vitro and significantly improved hyperuricemia-related indicators and regulated the gut microbiota in vivo, showing potential as an elite strain for the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia.