酵母子囊裂解物作为免疫刺激性膳食的补充剂

Yeast asci lysate as an immunostimulatory dietary supplement

摘要:

酵母β-葡聚糖具有免疫刺激等多种生物学活性，已被广泛用作膳食补充剂。我们前期研究已表明，葡聚糖层外露的酵母chs3Δ孢子比营养细胞能更有效地激活免疫效应。然而，chs3Δ孢子是在子囊内形成的，且被子囊细胞壁所包裹，这极大地限制了其直接应用。目的 通过裂解chs3Δ子囊，探究其子囊裂解物是否具有作为新型免疫刺激性膳食补充剂的潜力。方法 采用超声冻干、酶解冻干、酶解辅助超声冻干3种方法制备chs3Δ子囊裂解物，并对其免疫效应进行深入探究。结果 与营养细胞裂解物和chs3Δ孢子相比，采用超声冻干法制备的chs3Δ子囊裂解物诱导的炎性细胞因子水平最高，且该裂解物通过激活C型凝集素1 (Dectin-1)受体实现免疫刺激反应。进一步研究显示，chs3Δ子囊裂解物在小鼠体内也展现出免疫刺激活性及训练免疫诱导能力。结论 chs3Δ子囊裂解物具备作为高效免疫刺激性膳食补充剂的巨大潜力。

Abstract:

Yeast β-glucan has been widely used as a dietary supplement for its multiple biological activities, including immune stimulation. Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that yeast chs3Δ spores exposed in the glucan layer can activate immune effects more effectively than trophoblasts. However, chs3Δ spores are formed within the ascospores and are encapsulated by the ascospore cell wall, which greatly limits their direct application.Objective To explore whether the lysates of chs3Δ asci have the potential to be used as novel immune-stimulating dietary supplements.Methods We prepared chs3Δ asci lysates by ultrasonic freeze drying, enzymatic freeze drying, and enzymatic-assisted ultrasonic freeze drying and then explored their immune effects in depth.Results The chs3Δ asci lysate prepared by ultrasonic freeze drying induced the highest level of inflammatory cytokines compared with the vegetative cell lysate and chs3Δ spores, and the asci lysate achieved immunostimulatory responses through activation of Dectin-1 receptor. Further studies showed that the chs3Δ asci lysate also exhibited immunostimulatory activity and trained immunity-inducing ability in mice.Conclusion The chs3Δ asci lysate has great potential as a highly effective immunostimulatory dietary supplement.