链霉菌中双组分系统调控次级代谢产物合成的研究进展

Research progress in regulation of secondary metabolite synthesis by two-component systems in Streptomyces

摘要:

链霉菌能够产生多种活性次级代谢产物，可广泛应用于医疗、工业、农业等领域。链霉菌调控次级代谢产物的基因包括途径特异性、多效性以及全局性调控基因。其中，双组分系统作为原核生物中的主要信号转导系统，参与链霉菌的多种生理生化反应，并可对次级代谢产物进行全局性调控。特定双组分系统基因的缺失或过表达可显著影响次级代谢产物的生物合成。鉴定双组分系统的功能并揭示其调控机制，有助于通过基因工程手段提高次级代谢产物的生产效率。本文总结了近年来微白黄链霉菌等多种链霉菌中双组分系统的研究现状，尤其对其次级代谢产物合成的调控机制进行了总结和阐述。

Abstract:

Streptomyces can produce various active secondary metabolites, which can be widely used in medical, industrial, agricultural, and other fields. The secondary metabolite synthesis in Streptomyces is regulated by pathway-specific, pleiotropic, and global regulatory genes. The two-component system, as the main signal transduction system in prokaryotes, participates in various physiological and biochemical reactions of Streptomyces and can globally regulate secondary metabolites. The deletion or overexpression of specific two-component system genes can significantly affect the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Identifying the functions of two-component systems and elucidating their regulatory mechanisms can contribute to enhancing the production efficiency of secondary metabolites by genetic engineering. This paper reviews the research trends of two-component systems in various Streptomyces species such as Streptomyces albidoflavus in recent years and particularly summarizes and elaborates on the regulatory mechanisms of their secondary metabolite synthesis.